Of all the mythologies, the Greek one is for the Western world the most extensive, differentiated, exciting and stimulating; so in this Western universe it is usually expressed: “We must resort to the Greeks”.
For every one of the gods, semi-gods and heroes that participate in it, two myths are described that are truly descriptive of human behavior. All the emotions, feelings, attitudes, anguish, enthusiasm, exaltations, passions, achievements, failures, victories, frustrations and revenge, are described by their writers, playwrights, essayists, poets, philosophers and historians, all of them Greeks, who over time transmitted it to us in their respective works, which in turn served to exemplify the human condition, in other fields such as psychoanalysis. A limitless source of inspiration and answers for writers, artists and preferably for researchers in the psychoanalytical sciences.
Of these myths, one of them we are interested in presenting, that of Prometheus, with the purpose of understanding as much as possible his capacities and skills that he used to support the human race in its development, during those mythical times, when he was just beginning to understand about its existence.
Prometheus is a symbol for the entire human race for the struggles he waged to overcome adversity and achieve progress toward his destiny, transmitting to humanity that it must above all assert itself as a species, dominating Nature. One question that we must ask ourselves at this precise moment is the following. This domination over Nature can be observed from two points of view: Is it by abusing, destroying, conquering, desecrating, or on the contrary by honoring, respecting, admiring, appreciating, sharing and restoring?
This mythological character was a source of knowledge and skill, which had been taught to him by Zeus himself, King of the Greek Olympus. He was extremely skilled in every art: Astronomy, Architecture, Medicine, Mathematics, Metallurgy, Navigation and, in general, everything necessary that he should know to fulfill his predestination and be able to convey it to human beings so that they, in their turn, may reach their own destiny.
Among the knowledge that he transmitted to humans and that is related to our fundamental activities, were about astronomy, astral data, cosmography, mathematics and certain important observations about the Sun: the measurement of time, astronomical guidance and orientation, and fire.
Regarding fire, Zeus forbade it to human beings because of a bad play -during a challenge- that Prometheus made to him; therefore, he asked Athena to help him go up to the Olympus to take the fire from the same Sun, and going down to Earth he gave it to men. Both actions were made by Prometheus without Zeus’ permission, so he did not forgive him and punished him by asking Hephaestus (God of Fire, Vulcan) to make unbreakable chains and to fasten him with them at the highest part of Elbruz Volcano, which was 16,400 feet high, and was constantly erupting, and from whose crater lava and fire emanated.
So Prometheus, chained on the summit of the Caucasus, waited for a vulture, which during the day attacked him and devoured his liver, and whose suffering was repeated, because at night he regenerated again, completely replacing all his entrails during the night, which made torture eternal. Fire and agony, daily.
Regarding time, its measurement was taught to humans, since he began to receive the first lessons directly from Zeus. He considered it important to convey to them that time could first be measured by the daily sunrise and sunset. He allowed them to count those daily cycles in order to calculate their journeys walking behind the herds of animals to hunt their food. In the same way he taught them the different phases of the Moon, for the same purposes but with longer cycles.
Likewise, he also transmitted to them the positions of the stars, the Sun, the Moon and added Venus as a morning star and as an afternoon star, to the constellations and sidereal compositions. The knowledge that the Sun always went out by the same orientation, the East, and permanently hiding itself by the same opposite point, the West. The same occurred with the Moon and Venus, with the knowledge that a wider period of time everything repeated and started again.
All this in order to be able to guide and orient oneself by day, and over all by night, to be able to reach places, without getting lost and not spending too much effort in their walks, and to locate points where the herds of animals went (Post WALKING AND THE ARCHETYPE “MAGIC”. PART I), season after season, and year after year. But above all, they could return to their places of origin, when they needed to.
Prometheus was recognized as very lucid and skillful in many disciplines, but never with the title of “Semi-God of the Walkers”, however, the teachings he gave to humans about all these arts, were essential for the entire human species could move over long distances to regions that were occupied over 2 million years (Post HOMO-ITER: MAN-WALKER. PART I , Post HOMO-ITER: MAN-WALKER. PART II , and future Post CHRONICLE OF A DISAPPEARANCE ANNOUNCED IN THE PLEISTOCENE). In addition to being the protector of the walkers, he was their guide and teacher.
11-PROMETHEUS-CONQUEST OF FREEDOM.
Advancing the times, in the time that goes from the 3,000 to the 2,000 years B. C., the Hellenes descendants of Prometheus’ grandson, Prometheus was worshipped by a celebration that took place every year, when Venus was presented brightly as the Morning Star. These celebrations consisted of walking competitions, whose name was “Promethean parties” and later they were simply called Ionics. They consisted of walks with torches, which represented the symbolism of the resistance of the Hellenic peoples and the permanence of the fire with the humans, since the contenders carried a torch fed with the direct fire of the Sun, and had to endure long walks until the torch went out. The winner was the competitor who had walked the longest distance. Legend has it that the greatest distance was walked by a descendant of Zeus, who walked for 7 days and 7 nights.
The winner was a member of the Ionians tribe or Ionians, who had always distinguished themselves as great walkers, a nomadic people par excellence, and considered themselves descendants of Ion (eponymous hero of the Ionians tribe), son of Juto and grandson of Heleno, whose name means walker. The legend also tells that the winner of the contest whose fire had lasted seven days and seven nights, his father Zeus, the highest god of Olympus, had sent him to Earth, to the region of Euboea (formerly Thessaly and part of the Peloponnese), where the Ionians inhabited, for this future contest. His name in Ionian language was Greiko (Greek).
From that time on, the Greeks started to call themselves children of Greiko (Greeko), belonging to the dominant tribe of the Greikoi (Greekoi: Greeks) or of the Grekaii (Greekaii: Greece) territory, and their language the Greika (Greeka: Greek). The people of permanent fire and resistance in walking; the race of eternal fire and indefatigable walking (Future Post WALKING IN THE HELLENIC PEOPLE-THE OLYMPIC).
Let us seek and reclaim that Promethean fire, but above all let us become aware that we must break those chains that bind us to sedentarism and accompany Greiko in his walks.
It seems that Prometheus’ message to the human being -once he broke the chains- was that his only unavoidable mission to be carried out indefinitely was: “To walk on the planet Earth”.
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